文章介绍4种方法,简单易懂,通过4个demo抛砖引玉。
在子线程中通过join()方法指定顺序
通过join()方法使当前线程[阻塞],等待指定线程执行完毕后继续执行。举例:在线程thread2中,加上一句thread1.join(),其意义在于,当前线程2运行到此行代码时会进入阻塞状态,直到线程thread1执行完毕后,线程thread2才会继续运行,这就保证了线程thread1与线程thread2的运行顺序。
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public class ThreadJoinDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { final Thread thread1 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "打开冰箱!" ); } });
final Thread thread2 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { thread1.join(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println( "拿出一瓶牛奶!" ); } });
final Thread thread3 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { thread2.join(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println( "关上冰箱!" ); } });
//下面三行代码顺序可随意调整,程序运行结果不受影响,因为我们在子线程中通过[join()方法]已经指定了运行顺序。 thread3.start(); thread2.start(); thread1.start();
} } |
运行结果:
打开冰箱!
拿出一瓶牛奶!
关上冰箱!
在主线程中通过join()方法指定顺序
简单说一下子线程与主线程的区别,子线程指的是发生在Thread内部的代码,主线程指的是发生在main函数中的代码,我们可以在main函数中通过join()方法让主线程阻塞等待以达到指定顺序执行的目的。
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public class ThreadMainJoinDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { final Thread thread1 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "打开冰箱!" ); } });
final Thread thread2 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "拿出一瓶牛奶!" ); } });
final Thread thread3 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "关上冰箱!" ); } });
thread1.start(); thread1.join(); thread2.start(); thread2.join(); thread3.start(); } } |
输出结果:
打开冰箱!
拿出一瓶牛奶!
关上冰箱!
通过倒数计时器CountDownLatch实现
CountDownLatch通过计数器提供了更灵活的控制,只要检测到计数器为0当前线程就可以往下执行而不用管相应的thread是否执行完毕。
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public class ThreadCountDownLatchDemo {
private static CountDownLatch countDownLatch1 = new CountDownLatch( 1 );
private static CountDownLatch countDownLatch2 = new CountDownLatch( 1 );
public static void main(String[] args) { final Thread thread1 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "打开冰箱!" ); countDownLatch1.countDown(); } });
final Thread thread2 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { countDownLatch1.await(); System.out.println( "拿出一瓶牛奶!" ); countDownLatch2.countDown(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } });
final Thread thread3 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { countDownLatch2.await(); System.out.println( "关上冰箱!" ); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } });
//下面三行代码顺序可随意调整,程序运行结果不受影响 thread3.start(); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); } } |
输出结果:
打开冰箱!
拿出一瓶牛奶!
关上冰箱!
通过创建单一化线程池newSingleThreadExecutor()实现
单线程化线程池(newSingleThreadExecutor)的优点,串行执行所有任务。
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public class ThreadPoolDemo {
static ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
public static void main(String[] args) { final Thread thread1 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "打开冰箱!" ); } });
final Thread thread2 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "拿出一瓶牛奶!" ); } });
final Thread thread3 = new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println( "关上冰箱!" ); } }); executorService.submit(thread1); executorService.submit(thread2); executorService.submit(thread3); executorService.shutdown(); //使用完毕记得关闭线程池 }
} |
输出结果:
打开冰箱!
拿出一瓶牛奶!
关上冰箱!
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/jqc874789596/article/details/100557300
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