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.NET Core中简单的邮箱格式校验方式

Intro

前段时间有一个验证邮箱格式的小需求,然后突然发现了一种非常简单的邮箱格式判断方式

Implement

直接来看实现

public?static?bool?IsEmailAddress(string?email)
{
????if?(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(email))
????????return?false;

????var?symbolIndex?=?email.IndexOf('@');
????return?symbolIndex?>?0
????????&&?symbolIndex?<?email.Length?-?1
????????&&?symbolIndex?==?email.LastIndexOf('@');
}

在之前的认知里,一般判断邮箱格式都是用一个正则表达式,有时候正则表达式还可能会特别复杂,在老的 .NET framework 中 EmailAddress 的判断使用的是一个很复杂的一个正则表达式

const?string?pattern?=?@"^((([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+(\.([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+)*)|((\x22)((((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(([\x01-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f\x7f]|\x21|[\x23-\x5b]|[\x5d-\x7e]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(\\([\x01-\x09\x0b\x0c\x0d-\x7f]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF]))))*(((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(\x22)))@((([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.)+(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.?$";

而在 .NET Core 中就比较简单了,没有用到正则,前面的实现也是来自于 .NET Core EmailAddressAttribute 的实现,实现如下:

public?sealed?class?EmailAddressAttribute?:?DataTypeAttribute
{
????public?EmailAddressAttribute()
????????:?base(DataType.EmailAddress)
????????{
????????????//?Set?DefaultErrorMessage?not?ErrrorMessage,?allowing?user?to?set
????????????//?ErrorMessageResourceType?and?ErrorMessageResourceName?to?use?localized?messages.
????????????DefaultErrorMessage?=?SR.EmailAddressAttribute_Invalid;
????????}

????public?override?bool?IsValid(object?value)
????{
????????if?(value?==?null)
????????{
????????????return?true;
????????}

????????if?(!(value?is?string?valueAsString))
????????{
????????????return?false;
????????}

????????//?only?return?true?if?there?is?only?1?'@'?character
????????//?and?it?is?neither?the?first?nor?the?last?character
????????bool?found?=?false;
????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?valueAsString.Length;?i++)
????????{
????????????if?(valueAsString[i]?==?'@')
????????????{
????????????????if?(found?||?i?==?0?||?i?==?valueAsString.Length?-?1)
????????????????{
????????????????????return?false;
????????????????}
????????????????found?=?true;
????????????}
????????}
????????return?found;
????}
}

通过这种方式,我们可以提高判断邮箱格式的性能又不必维护正则表达式了。总结:有且仅有一个@并且前后都有字符

More

有一点需要注意,在上面的 EmailAddressAttribute 的实现中,如果值是 null 也会认为是[合法]的,这里的[合法]并不是说邮箱格式合法而是说验证可以通过,实际情况下一般我们是会认为这并不是一个合法的邮箱

References

https://github测试数据/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/src/libraries/System.ComponentModel.Annotations/src/System/ComponentModel/DataAnnotations/EmailAddressAttribute.cs

https://github测试数据/dotnet/runtime/blob/v5.0.0/src/libraries/System.ComponentModel.Annotations/src/System/ComponentModel/DataAnnotations/EmailAddressAttribute.cs

https://github测试数据/dotnet/corefx/blob/v3.0.0/src/System.ComponentModel.Annotations/src/System/ComponentModel/DataAnnotations/EmailAddressAttribute.cs

https://github测试数据/dotnet/corefx/blob/v2.2.0/src/System.ComponentModel.Annotations/src/System/ComponentModel/DataAnnotations/EmailAddressAttribute.cs

https://github测试数据/dotnet/corefx/blob/v2.0.0/src/System.ComponentModel.Annotations/src/System/ComponentModel/DataAnnotations/EmailAddressAttribute.cs

总结

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