网关
解决的问题：
自动路由，反向代理，负载均衡鉴权、监控 使用spring cloud gateway路由匹配predicate 并到达指定位置
请求过来通过handler mapping来判断是否可以处理，能处理通过handler去处理，处理前经过一系列filter
gateway配置
id代表某一条规则 uri代表目的地 predicate代表路由规则，解析请求头、请求方法、请求时间、请求路径等请求参数才可路由到uri的目的地 filter代表过滤器，可在请求过程中额外添加参数使用：
1、添加依赖
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< dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.cloud</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-cloud-starter-gateway</ artifactId > </ dependency > |
2、添加路由配置
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spring: cloud: gateway: routes: - id: query_route # 规则id uri: https: //baidu测试数据 # 目的地址 predicates: - Query=url, baidu # 断言匹配，满足就跳转到目的地址 - id: qq_test uri: https: //qq测试数据 predicates: - Query=url, qq |
3、具体路由参考 官方文档
踩坑：chrome 默认会把url失败后转为https开头，而一般本地请求都是http 导致请求出错
springcloud 的gateway报以下错误
原因：springcloud的版本和springboot的版本对应不上，可能因为springboot版本过低或者springcloud版本过高，去springcloud官网查看对应springboot版本重新依赖即可解决
报错版本：springcloud：Greenwich.SR5 springboot：2.1.4
调整后版本：springcloud：Greenwich.SR5 springboot：2.1.8（如果springboot版本大于等于2.2.0还是会报错）
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java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayAutoConfiguration$NettyConfiguration] from ClassLoader [jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader @7b1d7fff ] at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java: 507 ) ~[spring-core- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java: 404 ) ~[spring-core- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java: 389 ) ~[spring-core- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getUniqueDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java: 447 ) ~[spring-core- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap测试数据puteIfAbsent(ConcurrentHashMap.java: 1705 ) ~[na:na] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.getTypeForFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java: 738 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.determineTargetType(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java: 679 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.predictBeanType(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java: 647 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.isFactoryBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java: 1518 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doGetBeanNamesForType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java: 507 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java: 477 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java: 598 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java: 590 ) ~[spring-beans- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBeansOfType(AbstractApplicationContext.java: 1226 ) ~[spring-context- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.getExitCodeFromMappedException(SpringApplication.java: 905 ) ~[spring-boot- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.getExitCodeFromException(SpringApplication.java: 891 ) ~[spring-boot- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.handleExitCode(SpringApplication.java: 877 ) ~[spring-boot- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.handleRunFailure(SpringApplication.java: 826 ) ~[spring-boot- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java: 327 ) ~[spring-boot- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java: 1260 ) ~[spring-boot- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java: 1248 ) ~[spring-boot- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] at com.changgou.GatewayWebApplication.main(GatewayWebApplication.java: 15 ) ~[classes/:na] at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na] at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java: 62 ) ~[na:na] at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java: 43 ) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java: 566 ) ~[na:na] at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java: 49 ) ~[spring-boot-devtools- 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE.jar: 2.1 . 4 .RELEASE] Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: reactor/netty/http/client/HttpResponseDecoderSpec at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java: 3167 ) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java: 2310 ) ~[na:na] at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java: 489 ) ~[spring-core- 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE.jar: 5.1 . 6 .RELEASE] ... 26 common frames omitted Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: reactor.netty.http.client.HttpResponseDecoderSpec at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java: 583 ) ~[na:na] at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java: 178 ) ~[na:na] at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java: 521 ) ~[na:na] ... 30 common frames omitted
Process finished with exit code 0 |
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangzibai/article/details/114791044
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