详解Java后端优雅验证参数合法性

1、首先创建一个测试实体类Person，并携带如上注解，其注解的作用描述在message

package com . clickpaas . pojo ;   import com . fasterxml . jackson . annotation . JsonFormat ; import lombok . Data ; import org . hibernate . validator . constraints . Length ; import org . hibernate . validator . constraints . Range ;   import javax . validation . constraints .*; import java . math . BigDecimal ; import java . util . Date ; import java . util . List ;   /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2020/12/10 9:04 下午 */ @Data public class Person {   @Null ( message = "death必须为null" ) private String death ;   @AssertTrue ( message = "bool必须为true" ) private boolean bool ;   @AssertFalse ( message = "fal必须为false" ) private boolean fal ;   @Min ( value = 1 , message = "min必须为数字,其值大于或等于指定的最小值" ) private Integer min ;   @Max ( value = 10 , message = "max必须为数字,其值小于或等于指定的最大值" ) private Integer max ;   @DecimalMin ( value = "1" , message = "minDeci最小不能小于1" ) private BigDecimal minDeci ;   @DecimalMax ( value = "10" , message = "maxDeci最大不能大于10" ) private BigDecimal maxDeci ;   @Size ( min = 1 , max = 2 , message = "list集合的长度最小不能小于1,最大不能大于2" ) private List < Object > list ;   @Digits ( integer = 4 , fraction = 2 , message = "digits整数位不能超过4个,小数位不能超过2个" ) private BigDecimal digits ;   /** * 将前台传来的日期数据映射到此字段 */ @JsonFormat ( shape = JsonFormat . Shape . STRING , pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" , timezone = "GMT+8" ) @Past ( message = "past必须为过去的日期" ) private Date past ;   @JsonFormat ( shape = JsonFormat . Shape . STRING , pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" , timezone = "GMT+8" ) @Future ( message = "future必须为将来的日期" ) private Date future ;   @Pattern ( regexp = "^1[3|4|5|7|8][0-9]{9}$" , message = "phone必须符合正则表达式" ) private String phone ;   @Email ( message = "email必须是邮箱格式" ) private String email ;   @Length ( min = 1 , max = 2 , message = "length长度最小不能小于1,最大不能大于2" ) private String length ;   @NotEmpty ( message = "id不能为null，长度大于0" ) private String id ;   @Range ( min = 1 , max = 12 , message = "month最小不能小于1,最大不能大于12" ) private Integer month ;   @NotBlank ( message = "name不能为null,字段串长度大于0（限字符串）" ) private String name ; }

2、封装返回响应体

package com . clickpaas . response ;   import lombok . AllArgsConstructor ; import lombok . Data ;   /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2019/7/3 4:32 下午 */ @Data @AllArgsConstructor public class CodeMsg {   private int code ;   private String msg ;   /** * 失败 */ public static CodeMsg SERVER_ERROR = new CodeMsg ( 500 , "服务端异常" );   } package com . clickpaas . response ;   import lombok . AllArgsConstructor ; import lombok . Data ;   /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2019/7/3 4:35 下午 */ @Data @AllArgsConstructor public class Result < T > {   /** * 返回状态码 除200其余全部失败 */ private int code ;   /** * 返回信息 除success其余全部失败 */ private String msg ;   /** * 泛型数据 */ private T data ;   /** * 成功时返回的类型 * * @param data 数据 * @param <T> 泛型 * @return 泛型数据 */ public static < T > Result < T > success ( T data ) { return new Result <>( 200 , "success" , data ); }   public static < T > Result < T > fail ( CodeMsg codeMsg ) { return new Result <>( codeMsg ); } private Result ( CodeMsg codeMsg ) { if ( codeMsg == null ) { return ; } this . code = codeMsg . getCode (); this . msg = codeMsg . getMsg (); }   }

3、创建使用增强器拦截并返回异常信息

package com . clickpaas . config ;   import com . clickpaas . response . CodeMsg ; import com . clickpaas . response . Result ; import org . springframework . web . bind . MethodArgumentNotValidException ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . ExceptionHandler ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . RestControllerAdvice ;   import javax . servlet . http . HttpServletRequest ; import java . util . Objects ;   /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2018/12/10 4:59 下午 */ @RestControllerAdvice public class GlobalExceptionInterceptor {   @ExceptionHandler ( value = MethodArgumentNotValidException . class ) public Result < Object > exceptionHandler ( HttpServletRequest request , Exception e ) { String errMsg = "处理失败" ; if ( e instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException ) { // 拿到参数校验具体异常信息 errMsg = Objects . requireNonNull ((( MethodArgumentNotValidException ) e ). getBindingResult (). getFieldError ()). getDefaultMessage (); } return Result . fail ( new CodeMsg ( 500 , errMsg )); } }

4、创建控制层测试

package com . clickpaas . controller ;   import com . clickpaas . pojo . Person ; import org . springframework . validation . annotation . Validated ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . PostMapping ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . RequestBody ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . RestController ;   /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2020/12/10 9:03 下午 */ @RestController public class ValidController {   @PostMapping ( "/valid" ) public String valid ( @Validated @RequestBody Person person ) { return "success" ; }   }

5、测试符合验证请求体访问，请求体如下：

{ "death" : null , "bool" : true , "fal" : false , "min" : 1 , "max" : 10 , "minDeci" : 1 , "maxDeci" : 10 , "list" :[ {},{} ], "digits" : 1144.12 , "past" : "2020-10-01 1" , "future" : "2022-10-01 1" , "phone" : "15900445584" , "email" : "yanjie.fang@clickpaas测试数据" , "length" : "ab" , "id" : " " , "name" : "a" }

6、故意修改不符合验证的数据

7、如果想做整体验证，如下：

package com . clickpaas . uitl ;   import javax . validation . ConstraintViolation ; import javax . validation . Validation ; import javax . validation . Validator ; import java . util . List ; import java . util . Set ; import java . util . stream . Collectors ;   /** * Bean整体校验工具类 * * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2020/12/10 10:08 下午 */ public class ValidatorUtils {   private static final Validator VALIDATOR = Validation . buildDefaultValidatorFactory (). getValidator ();   /** * Bean整体校验，有不合规范，拼接message */ public static String validate ( Object obj , Class <?>... groups ) {   StringBuilder errorMessage = new StringBuilder ();   Set < ConstraintViolation < Object >> resultSet = VALIDATOR . validate ( obj , groups ); if ( resultSet . size () > 0 ) { //如果存在错误结果，则将其解析并进行拼凑后异常抛出 List < String > errorMessageList = resultSet . stream (). map ( ConstraintViolation :: getMessage ). collect ( Collectors . toList ()); errorMessageList . forEach ( o -> errorMessage . append ( o ). append ( ";" )); } return errorMessage . toString (); }   }

8、整体测试类

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48314739/article/details/111012090

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