oracle导出数据到文本、从文本导入数据的详细步骤

SQL> desc all_objects;

  Name                                       Null ?    Type

  ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

  OWNER                                     NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)

  OBJECT_NAME                               NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)

  SUBOBJECT_NAME                                     VARCHAR2(30)

  OBJECT_ID                                 NOT NULL NUMBER

  DATA_OBJECT_ID                                     NUMBER

  OBJECT_TYPE                                        VARCHAR2(19)

  CREATED                                   NOT NULL DATE

  LAST_DDL_TIME                             NOT NULL DATE

  TIMESTAMP                                           VARCHAR2(19)

  STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(7)

  TEMPORARY                                           VARCHAR2(1)

  GENERATED                                          VARCHAR2(1)

  SECONDARY                                          VARCHAR2(1)

set line 1000         --设置行的长度

set pagesize 0        --输出不换页

set feedback off       --默认的当一条sql发出的时候，oracle会给一个反馈，比如说创建表的时候，如果成功命令行会返回类似：Table created的反馈,off后不显示反馈

set heading off        --不显示表头信息

set trimspool on       --如果trimspool设置为on，将移除spool文件中的尾部空

set trims on           --去掉空字符

set echo off ;　　　　   --显示start启动的脚本中的每个sql命令，缺省为on

set colsep '|'          --设置分隔符

set termout off         --不在屏幕上显示结果

spool db1.txt          --记录数据到db1.txt

select object_id,object_name from all_objects;  --导出数据语句

spool off               --收集完毕

exit

[oracle@centos5 ~]$ sqlplus test/test @exp_table.sql

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Jun 13 16:35:14 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@centos5 ~]$ sed -i 's/ //g' db1.txt  --可选，去除每行开头部分的空格

[oracle@centos5 ~]$ more db1.txt 20|ICOL$

44|I_USER1

28|CON$

15|UNDO$

29|C_COBJ#

3|I_OBJ#

25|PROXY_ROLE_DATA$

[oracle@centos5 ~]$ cat db1.txt |wc -l

49988

[oracle@centos5 ~]$ sqlplus test/test

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Jun 13 16:36:21 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to :

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select count (*) from all_objects;

   COUNT (*)

----------

      49988  --数据正确

SQL> create table tb_sqlldr (id number, name varchar2(50));

Table created.

load data                

infile 'db1.txt'             --数据来源文本

append into table tb_sqlldr    --数据导入到表tb_sqldr中，导入方式为追加，如果想覆盖

fields terminated by "|"     --4、字段终止于X'09'，是一个制表符(tab)

(id, name )                    --定义对应的字段名称，注意顺序

SQL> select count (*) from tb_sqlldr;

   COUNT (*)

----------

      49988

SQL> select count (*) from tb_sqlldr;

   COUNT (*)

----------

      99976

[oracle@centos5 ~]$ sqlldr

SQL*Loader: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Jun 13 17:07:26 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Usage: SQLLDR keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]

Valid Keywords:

     userid -- ORACLE username/password          

    control -- control file name                 

        log -- log file name                     

        bad -- bad file name                     

       data -- data file name                    

    discard -- discard file name                 

discardmax -- number of discards to allow          (Default all)

       skip -- number of logical records to skip    (Default 0)

       load -- number of logical records to load    (Default all)

     errors -- number of errors to allow            (Default 50)

       rows -- number of rows in conventional path bind array or between direct path data saves

                ( Default : Conventional path 64, Direct path all )

   bindsize -- size of conventional path bind array in bytes  (Default 256000)

     silent -- suppress messages during run (header,feedback,errors,discards,partitions)

     direct -- use direct path                      (Default FALSE)

    parfile -- parameter file: name of file that contains parameter specifications

   parallel -- do parallel load                     (Default FALSE)

       file -- file to allocate extents from     

skip_unusable_indexes -- disallow/allow unusable indexes or index partitions  (Default FALSE)

skip_index_maintenance -- do not maintain indexes, mark affected indexes as unusable  (Default FALSE)

commit_discontinued -- commit loaded rows when load is discontinued  (Default FALSE)

   readsize -- size of read buffer                  (Default 1048576)

external_table -- use external table for load; NOT_USED, GENERATE_ONLY, EXECUTE  (Default NOT_USED)

columnarrayrows -- number of rows for direct path column array  (Default 5000)

streamsize -- size of direct path stream buffer in bytes  (Default 256000)

multithreading -- use multithreading in direct path 

  resumable -- enable or disable resumable for current session  (Default FALSE)

resumable_name -- text string to help identify resumable statement

resumable_timeout -- wait time (in seconds) for RESUMABLE  (Default 7200)

date_cache -- size (in entries) of date conversion cache  (Default 1000)

PLEASE NOTE: Command-line parameters may be specified either by

position or by keywords.  An example of the former case is 'sqlldr

scott/tiger foo' ; an example of the latter is 'sqlldr control=foo

userid=scott/tiger' .  One may specify parameters by position before

but not after parameters specified by keywords.  For example,

'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo logfile=log' is allowed, but

'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo log' is not , even though the

position of the parameter 'log' is correct.