Java操作MongoDB数据库方法详解

Mongo mg = new Mongo(); //默认连本机127.0.0.1 端口为27017

Mongo mg = new Mongo(ip); //可以指定ip 端口默认为27017

Mongo mg = new Mongo(ip,port); //也可以指定ip及端口

//ip为主机ip地址，port为端口号，dataBaseName相当于数据库名

DBAddress left = new DBAddress( "ip:port/dataBaseName" );

DBAddress right = new DBAddress( "ip:port/dataBaseName " );

//若一个mongodb出现问题，会自动连另外一台

Mongo mongo = new Mongo(left, right);

List<ServerAddress> mongoHostList = new ArrayList<ServerAddress>();

mongoHostList.add( new ServerAddress( "ip" ,port));

mongoHostList.add( new ServerAddress( "ip" ,port));

mongoHostList.add( new ServerAddress( "ip" ,port));

Mongo mg = new Mongo(mongoHostList);

//dataBaseName相当于关系数据库里的数据库名，mongodb中若没有该

//数据库名也不会报错，默认mongodb会建立这个数据库名，为空。

DB db = mg.getDB(dataBaseName);

//安全认证java代码 返回true表示通过，false表示没通过不能进行操作

db.authenticate( "userName" , "password" .toCharArray());

if (db.authenticate( "admin" , "123" .toCharArray())){

   System.out.println( "连接mongodb成功..." );

} else {

   System.out.println( "连接mongodb失败..." );

}

//参数tableName相当于关系数据库里的表名,

//若mongodb中没有该tableName，默认会创建该tableName,为空

DBCollection users = db.getCollection(tableName);

//列出库的集合列表，相对于表对象

Set<String> colls = db.getCollectionNames();

for (String s : colls){

}

// 获取单个集合

DBCollection con = db.getCollection( "users" );

public class Tools {

/**

  * 实现mongodb主键自增长的功能

  * @param users

  * @param tableName

  * @return

  */

public static long getNext(DBCollection users,String tableName){

long incId = 0 ;

try {

  DBObject ret = users.findAndModify(

  new BasicDBObject( "_id" , tableName), null , null , false ,

  new BasicDBObject( "$inc" , new BasicDBObject( "next" , 1 )),

  true , true );

  incId = Long.valueOf(ret.get( "next" ).toString());

} catch (Exception e) {

  e.printStackTrace();

}

  return incId;

}

}

DB db = m.getDB( "testdb" );

DBCollection con = db.getCollection( "users" );

//普通添加

BasicDBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();

doc.put( "name" , "MongoDB" );

doc.put( "type" , "database" );

doc.put( "count" , 1 );

BasicDBObject info = new BasicDBObject();

info.put( "x" , 203 );

info.put( "y" , 102 );

doc.put( "info" , info);

con.insert(doc); //插入对象

//特殊添加

// 添加多个特殊数据(模式自由)

for ( int i = 1 ; i <= 20 ; i++){

con.insert( new BasicDBObject().append( "i" , i));

}

DBObject user_json = (DBObject)JSON.parse( "{'user':[{'name':'AAA', 'age':'18'},{'name':'BBB', 'age':'19'}]}" );

con.insert(user_json);

//添加JAVA对象

// 添加java对象，对象要序列化Serializable接口

UserInfo userinfo = new UserInfo( "用户甲AA" , 1 );

User user = new User( 1 , "123" , userinfo);

ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(os);

out.writeObject(user);

os.close(); out.close();

con.insert(MonGoUtil.insertObject( "user_info" ,os.toByteArray()));

List<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();

list.add( new UserInfo( "List1" , 1 ));

list.add( new UserInfo( "List2" , 2 ));

list.add( new UserInfo( "List3" , 3 ));

ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(os);

out.writeObject(list);

os.close(); out.close();

con.insert(MonGoUtil.insertObject( "lists" ,os.toByteArray()));

/** 输出获取到的文档 **/

public static void showDBCursor(DBCursor cur){

  while (cur.hasNext()){

  System.out.println(cur.next());

  }

  System.out.println();

}

//查询_id为30000 返回cust_Id的值 ，mongodb查询都会返回主键的值

System.out.println(users.findOne( new BasicDBObject( "_id" , 30000 ), new BasicDBObject( "cust_Id" , true )));

findAndRemove() 查询_id= 30000 的数据，并且删除

users.findAndRemove( new BasicDBObject( "_id" , 30000 ));

findAndModify介绍

users.findAndModify(

     new BasicDBObject( "_id" , 28 ), //查询_id=28的数据

     new BasicDBObject( "cust_Id" , true ), //查询cust_Id属性

     new BasicDBObject( "notice_Id" , true ), //按照notice_Id排序

     false , //查询到的记录是否删除，true表示删除

     new BasicDBObject( "province_Id" , "100" ), //将province_id的值改为100

     true , //是否返回新记录 true返回，false不返回

     true //如果没有查询到该数据是否插collection true入库，false不入

));

//列出所有文档

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();

System.out.println( "列出" + con.getName() + "集合(表)的所有文档..." );

showDBCursor(con.find());

String key = "user_info" ;

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();

query.put(key, new BasicDBObject( "$exists" , true ));

byte [] b = ( byte [])con.findOne(query).get(key);

InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(b);

ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);

User users = (User) in.readObject();

System.out.println( "用户对象_json：" + JSONArray.fromObject(users));

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();

query.put( "i" , 11 );

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();

query.put( "name" , "MongoDB" );

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();

query.put( "name" , new BasicDBObject( "$ne" , "MongoDB" ));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "查询有'type'字段的数据..." ); // false表示没有

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();

query.put( "type" , new BasicDBObject( "$exists" , true )); // false

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "单字段and条件的使用，i>=2 and i<5 ，i:[2,5)..." );

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();

query.put( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$gte" , 2 ).append( "$lt" , 5 ));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "name" , "MongoDB" );

query.put( "type" , "database" );

System.out.println(con.findOne(query));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "单字段or条件的使用，i<2 or i>=18..." );

BasicDBList values = new BasicDBList();

values.add( new BasicDBObject( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$gte" , 18 )));

values.add( new BasicDBObject( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$lt" , 2 )));

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "$or" , values);

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

// "多字段or条件的使用，name:'MongoDB' or x:'203'..."

BasicDBList values = new BasicDBList(); ();

values.add( new BasicDBObject( "name" , "MongoDB" ));

values.add( new BasicDBObject( "x" , 203 ));

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "$or" , values);

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "in条件的使用$in..." );

BasicDBList values = new BasicDBList(); ();

for ( int i = 1 ; i <= 10 ; i++) {

  values.add(i);

}

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$in" , values));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "排序[1=asc，-1=desc]..." );

showDBCursor(con.find(query).sort( new BasicDBObject( "i" , - 1 )));

// "分页查询的使用，总数据量："+con.find(query).count()

con.find(query).limit( 1 ); // 只取第1条数据

con.find(query).skip( 1 ).limit( 1 ); // 从1开始取1条数据，下标从0开始

con.find(query).sort( new BasicDBObject( "i" , - 1 )).skip( 0 ).limit( 5 ); // DESC后取5条数据

//findAndRemove()方法，删除查询到的数据，删除后的结果集

con.findAndRemove( new BasicDBObject( "i" , 1 ));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

con.findAndRemove( new BasicDBObject( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$in" ,  values))); //【注意：多个数值无效】

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "not，not in条件的使用$not" );

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$not" , new BasicDBObject( "$in" , values)));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "like查询的使用..." );

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "type" , MonGoUtil.getLikeStr( "a" ));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "根据数据类型查询，字符类型..." );

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "name" , new BasicDBObject( "$type" , 2 )); //字节

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

System.out.println( "根据数据类型查询，整型..." );

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();();

query.put( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$type" , 16 ));

showDBCursor(con.find(query));

//"查询数据的部分字段，1表示只返回本字段，0表示返回除此字段之外的字段"

con.find( new BasicDBObject( "name" , MonGoUtil.getLikeStr( "b" )), new BasicDBObject( "name" , 1 ));

//查询id为300的记录，将cust_Id的值更新为6533615，一定要注意大小写，以及数据//类型，返回值为int表示所影响的记录条数

//可以用users.findOne(new BasicDBObject("_id",300));查看下，会发现这条记录//只返回两个字段了，分别为_id,cust_Id，别的字段都删除了。

users.update( new BasicDBObject( "_id" , 300 ), new BasicDBObject ( "cust_Id" , "6533615" )).getN();

// 参数3表示数据库不存在是否添加(默认false)，参数4表示是否多条修改(false只修改1条)

con.update( new BasicDBObject( "name" , "MongoDB" ),

new BasicDBObject( "$set" , new BasicDBObject( "type" , "修改后的type" ))).getN();

con.update( new BasicDBObject( "name" , "MongoDBs" ),

new BasicDBObject( "$set" , new BasicDBObject( "type" , "修改后的type" )), true , true ).getN();

/移除cust_Id为 6533615 的数据。注意 用remove方法不释放磁盘空间，

//mongodb只在collection中做了标志，没有正在删除。

users.remove( new BasicDBObject( "cust_Id" , "6533615" )).getN();

//移除id>=1的数据

users.remove(newBasicDBObject( "_id" , new BasicDBObject( "$gte" , 1 ))).getN();

//移除整个collection，drop也不释放磁盘空间

users.drop();

// 根据条件删除文档（数据）

BasicDBList rls = new BasicDBList();

for ( int i = 11 ; i <= 20 ; i++) {

  rls.add(i);

}

query.put( "i" , new BasicDBObject( "$in" , rls));

con.remove(query);

Binary binary = (Binary) doc.get( "Data" );

byte [] data=binary.getData();