php 数组的常用函数

在php中数组是种强大的数据类型,他可以做的事情很多,可以存储不同的数据类型在一个数组中,下面我们列出了数组常用的操作,排序,键名对数组排序等做法,函数代码如下:

<?php /* 数组的常用函数 * * 数组的排序函数 * sort() * rsort() * usort() * asort() * arsort() * uasort() * ksort() * krsort() * uksort() * uatsort() * natcasesort() * array_multisort() * * 1.简单的数组排序 * sort() rsort() * 2.根据键名对数组排序 * ksort() krsort() * 3.根据元素的值对数组排序 * asort() arsort() * 4.根据"自然数排序[法对数组排序 * natsort()//区分大小写字母比较 natcasescort()//不区分大小写字母的比较 * 5.根据用户自定义规则对数组排序 * usort() uasort() uksort()对键排序 * 6.对维数组的排序 * array_multisort() * * 拆分、合并、分解、接合的数组函数 * 1.array_slice() * 2.array_splice()//删除 * 3.array_combine()//合并 * 4.array_merge();//合并 * 5.array_intersect();//多个数组的交集 * 6.array_diff();//返回多个数组的差集 * * 数组与数据结构的函数 * 1.使用数组实现堆栈 //先进后出 * array_push() array_pop() * 2.使用数组实现队列 //先进先出 * array_unshift() array_shift() unset() * * * 其他与数组操作有关的函数 * array_rand() * shuffle() * array_sum() * range() */ //简单数组排序的使用 $data = array (5,8,1,7,2); sort( $data ); //元素由小到大进行排序 print_r( $data ); //Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 5 [3] => 7 [4] => 8 ) rsort( $data ); //元素由大到小进行排序 print_r( $data ); //Array ( [0] => 8 [1] => 7 [2] => 5 [3] => 2 [4] => 1 ) //根据键名排序的例子 $data_2 = array (5=> "five" ,8=> "eight" ,1=> "one" ,7=> "seven" ,2=> "two" ); ksort( $data_2 ); //对数组的下标进行由小到大排序 print_r( $data_2 ); //Array ( [1] => one [2] => two [5] => five [7] => seven [8] => eight ) krsort( $data_2 ); //对数组的下标进行由大到小排序 print_r( $data_2 ); //Array ( [8] => eight [7] => seven [5] => five [2] => two [1] => one ) //根据元素的值对数组排序 $data_3 = array ( "1" => "Linux" , "a" => "Apache" , "m" => "MySQL" , "l" => "PHP" ); //asort() arsort 与 sort() rsort()的区别在于前者排序后保持原有的键名,后者不保持原有键名，且键名从0开始 asort( $data_3 ); print_r( $data_3 ); //Array ( [a] => Apache [1] => Linux [m] => MySQL [l] => PHP ) echo ' ' ; arsort( $data_3 ); print_r( $data_3 ); //Array ( [l] => PHP [m] => MySQL [1] => Linux [a] => Apache ) echo ' ' ; sort( $data_3 ); print_r( $data_3 ); //Array ( [0] => Apache [1] => Linux [2] => MySQL [3] => PHP ) echo ' ' ; rsort( $data_3 ); print_r( $data_3 ); //Array ( [0] => PHP [1] => MySQL [2] => Linux [3] => Apache ) //根据]自然数排序法[对数组排序(0-9短者优先) $data_4 = array ( "file.txt" , "file11.txt" , "file2.txt" , "file22.txt" ); sort( $data_4 ); print_r( $data_4 ); //Array ( [0] => file.txt [1] => file11.txt [2] => file2.txt [3] => file22.txt ) echo ' ' ; natsort( $data_4 ); print_r( $data_4 ); //Array ( [0] => file.txt [2] => file2.txt [1] => file11.txt [3] => file22.txt ) echo ' ' ; natcasesort( $data_4 ); print_r( $data_4 ); //Array ( [0] => file.txt [2] => file2.txt [1] => file11.txt [3] => file22.txt ) echo ' ' ; //用户自定义排序函数 echo ' ' ; $data_5 = array ( "Linux" , "Apache" , "MySQL" , "PHP" ); usort( $data_5 , "sortbylen" ); //通过元素长度排序 print_r( $data_5 ); //Array ( [0] => PHP [1] => MySQL [2] => Linux [3] => Apache ) function sortbylen( $one , $two ){ if ( strlen ( $one )== strlen ( $two )) return 0; else return ( strlen ( $one )> strlen ( $two ))?1:-1; } //拆分、合并、分解、接合的数组函数 echo ' ' ; $data_6 = array ( "Linux" , "Apache" , "MySQL" , "PHP" ); print_r( array_slice ( $data_6 ,1,2)); //取下标为1、2的元素 //Array ( [0] => Apache [1] => MySQL ) 下标重置从0开始 echo ' ' ; print_r( array_slice ( $data_6 ,-2,1)); //从后边的第二个开始取返回一个，不是从0开始的 //Array ( [0] => MySQL ) 下标重置从0开始 echo ' ' ; print_r( array_slice ( $data_6 ,1,2,true)); //Array ( [1] => Apache [2] => MySQL ) 保留原有的下标 echo ' ' ; //array_combine() $a1 = array ( "OS" , "WebServer" , "DataBase" , "Language" ); $a2 = array ( "Linux" , "Apache" , "MySQL" , "PHP" ); print_r( array_combine ( $a1 , $a2 )); //第一个参数作为键名，第二个作为值来合并 //Array ( [OS] => Linux [WebServer] => Apache [DataBase] => MySQL [Language] => PHP ) echo ' ' ; //array_merge() $a3 = array ( "OS" , "WebServer" , "DataBase" , "Language" ); $a4 = array ( "Linux" , "Apache" , "MySQL" , "PHP" ); $a5 = $a3 + $a4 ; print_r( $a5 ); //因为两个数组下标重复所以显示这样 //Array ( [0] => OS [1] => WebServer [2] => DataBase [3] => Language ) echo ' ' ; print_r( array_merge ( $a3 , $a4 )); //合并并重新索引 //Array ( [0] => OS [1] => WebServer [2] => DataBase [3] => Language [4] => Linux [5] => Apache [6] => MySQL [7] => PHP ) echo ' ' ; //array_intersect() $a7 = array ( "OS" , "WebServer" , "DataBase" , "Language" ,1,2,3); $a8 = array ( "Linux" , "Apache" , "MySQL" , "PHP" ,2,3,4); print_r( array_intersect ( $a7 , $a8 )); //Array ( [5] => 2 [6] => 3 ) echo ' ' ; //array_diff() $a9 = array (1,2,3,4); $a10 = array (3,4,5,6); print_r( array_diff ( $a9 , $a10 )); //Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 ) //返回第一个数组跟第二个相差的元素 echo ' ' ; //使用数组实现堆栈 $b = array (1,2,3,4); $b []= "a" ; //入栈 array_push ( $b , "b" , "c" ); //使用函数入栈 print_r( $b ); //Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => a [5] => b [6] => c ) echo ' ' ; $value = array_pop ( $b ); //使用函数出栈 print_r( $b ); //Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => a [5] => b ) echo ' ' ; echo $value ; //显示出栈的元素的值 c echo ' ' ; //使用数组实现队列 $c = array (1,2,3); print_r( $c ); //Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 ) echo ' ' ; array_unshift ( $c , "abc" , "bcd" ); //入队 print_r( $c ); //Array ( [0] => abc [1] => bcd [2] => 1 [3] => 2 [4] => 3 ) echo ' ' ; $values = array_shift ( $c ); //出队 print_r( $c ); // Array ( [0] => bcd [1] => 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 3 ) echo ' ' ; unset( $c [2]); //删除指定位置元素 print_r( $c ); //Array ( [0] => bcd [1] => 1 [3] => 3 ) echo ' ' ; //array_rand() 随机返回数组下标 $arr = array (1,3,4,5,76,7,99,6,2,3); echo array_rand ( $arr ); //返回的是随机的数组元素的下标 echo $arr [ array_rand ( $arr )]; //随机显示数组元素的值 echo ' ' ; //shuffle() 随机重新排列数组 $arr2 = array (32,35,33); shuffle( $arr2 ); print_r( $arr2 ); //数组元素位置随机变换 echo ' ' ; //array_sum() 求和 $arr3 = array (1,3,5); echo array_sum ( $arr3 ); //返回9 echo ' ' ; print_r( $arr3 ); //Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 3 [2] => 5 ) echo ' ' ; //range(最小值，最大值，步长) $arr4 =range(0,100,10); print_r( $arr4 ); //Array ( [0] => 0 [1] => 10 [2] => 20 [3] => 30 [4] => 40 [5] => 50 [6] => 60 [7] => 70 [8] => 80 [9] => 90 [10] => 100 ) //开源代码phpfensi测试数据 ?>

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更新时间：2022-09-18 阅读：34次