安装：
pip install PyPDF2
使用示例：
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
merger = PdfFileMerger()
input1 = open("hql_1_20.pdf", "rb")
input2 = open("hql_21_40.pdf", "rb")
merger.append(input1)
merger.append(input2)
# Write to an output PDF document
output = open("hql_all.pdf", "wb")
merger.write(output) 2. requests、beautifulsoup 是爬虫两大神器，reuqests 用于网络请求，beautifusoup 用于操作 html 数据。 有了这两把梭子，干起活来利索。scrapy 这样的爬虫框架我们就不用了，这样的小程序派上它有点杀鸡用牛刀的意思。此外，既然是把 html 文件转为 pdf，那么也要有相应的库支持， wkhtmltopdf 就是一个非常的工具，它可以用适用于多平台的 html 到 pdf 的转换，pdfkit 是 wkhtmltopdf 的Python封装包。首先安装好下面的依赖包
pip install requests pip install beautifulsoup4 pip install pdfkit
3. 安装 wkhtmltopdf
Windows平台直接在 http://wkhtmltopdf.org/downloads.html 下载稳定版的 wkhtmltopdf 进行安装，安装完成之后把该程序的执行路径加入到系统环境 $PATH 变量中，否则 pdfkit 找不到 wkhtmltopdf 就出现错误 “No wkhtmltopdf executable found”。Ubuntu 和 CentOS 可以直接用命令行进行安装
$ sudo apt-get install wkhtmltopdf # ubuntu $ sudo yum intsall wkhtmltopdf # centos
三、数据准备
1. 获取每篇文章的url
def get_url_list():
"""
获取所有URL目录列表
:return:
"""
response = requests.get("http://HdhCmsTestliaoxuefeng测试数据/wiki/0014316089557264a6b348958f449949df42a6d3a2e542c000")
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
menu_tag = soup.find_all(class_="uk-nav uk-nav-side")[1]
urls = []
for li in menu_tag.find_all("li"):
url = "http://HdhCmsTestliaoxuefeng测试数据" + li.a.get('href')
urls.append(url)
return urls 2. 通过文章url用模板保存每篇文章的HTML文件
html模板：
html_template = """
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
{content}
</body>
</html>
""" 进行保存：
def parse_url_to_html(url, name):
"""
解析URL，返回HTML内容
:param url:解析的url
:param name: 保存的html文件名
:return: html
"""
try:
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'html.parser')
# 正文
body = soup.find_all(class_="x-wiki-content")[0]
# 标题
title = soup.find('h4').get_text()
# 标题加入到正文的最前面，居中显示
center_tag = soup.new_tag("center")
title_tag = soup.new_tag('h1')
title_tag.string = title
center_tag.insert(1, title_tag)
body.insert(1, center_tag)
html = str(body)
# body中的img标签的src相对路径的改成绝对路径
pattern = "(<img .*?src=\")(.*?)(\")"
def func(m):
if not m.group(3).startswith("http"):
rtn = m.group(1) + "http://HdhCmsTestliaoxuefeng测试数据" + m.group(2) + m.group(3)
return rtn
else:
return m.group(1)+m.group(2)+m.group(3)
html = re测试数据pile(pattern).sub(func, html)
html = html_template.format(content=html)
html = html.encode("utf-8")
with open(name, 'wb') as f:
f.write(html)
return name
except Exception as e:
logging.error("解析错误", exc_info=True) 3. 把html转换成pdf
def save_pdf(htmls, file_name):
"""
把所有html文件保存到pdf文件
:param htmls: html文件列表
:param file_name: pdf文件名
:return:
"""
options = {
'page-size': 'Letter',
'margin-top': '0.75in',
'margin-right': '0.75in',
'margin-bottom': '0.75in',
'margin-left': '0.75in',
'encoding': "UTF-8",
'custom-header': [
('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip')
],
'cookie': [
('cookie-name1', 'cookie-value1'),
('cookie-name2', 'cookie-value2'),
],
'outline-depth': 10,
}
pdfkit.from_file(htmls, file_name, options=options) 4. 把转换好的单个PDF合并为一个PDF
merger = PdfFileMerger() for pdf in pdfs: merger.append(open(pdf,'rb')) print u"合并完成第"+str(i)+'个pdf'+pdf
完整源码：
# coding=utf-8
import os
import re
import time
import logging
import pdfkit
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
html_template = """
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
{content}
</body>
</html>
"""
def parse_url_to_html(url, name):
"""
解析URL，返回HTML内容
:param url:解析的url
:param name: 保存的html文件名
:return: html
"""
try:
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'html.parser')
# 正文
body = soup.find_all(class_="x-wiki-content")[0]
# 标题
title = soup.find('h4').get_text()
# 标题加入到正文的最前面，居中显示
center_tag = soup.new_tag("center")
title_tag = soup.new_tag('h1')
title_tag.string = title
center_tag.insert(1, title_tag)
body.insert(1, center_tag)
html = str(body)
# body中的img标签的src相对路径的改成绝对路径
pattern = "(<img .*?src=\")(.*?)(\")"
def func(m):
if not m.group(3).startswith("http"):
rtn = m.group(1) + "http://HdhCmsTestliaoxuefeng测试数据" + m.group(2) + m.group(3)
return rtn
else:
return m.group(1)+m.group(2)+m.group(3)
html = re测试数据pile(pattern).sub(func, html)
html = html_template.format(content=html)
html = html.encode("utf-8")
with open(name, 'wb') as f:
f.write(html)
return name
except Exception as e:
logging.error("解析错误", exc_info=True)
def get_url_list():
"""
获取所有URL目录列表
:return:
"""
response = requests.get("http://HdhCmsTestliaoxuefeng测试数据/wiki/0014316089557264a6b348958f449949df42a6d3a2e542c000")
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
menu_tag = soup.find_all(class_="uk-nav uk-nav-side")[1]
urls = []
for li in menu_tag.find_all("li"):
url = "http://HdhCmsTestliaoxuefeng测试数据" + li.a.get('href')
urls.append(url)
return urls
def save_pdf(htmls, file_name):
"""
把所有html文件保存到pdf文件
:param htmls: html文件列表
:param file_name: pdf文件名
:return:
"""
options = {
'page-size': 'Letter',
'margin-top': '0.75in',
'margin-right': '0.75in',
'margin-bottom': '0.75in',
'margin-left': '0.75in',
'encoding': "UTF-8",
'custom-header': [
('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip')
],
'cookie': [
('cookie-name1', 'cookie-value1'),
('cookie-name2', 'cookie-value2'),
],
'outline-depth': 10,
}
pdfkit.from_file(htmls, file_name, options=options)
def main():
start = time.time()
file_name = u"liaoxuefeng_Python3_tutorial"
urls = get_url_list()
for index, url in enumerate(urls):
parse_url_to_html(url, str(index) + ".html")
htmls =[]
pdfs =[]
for i in range(0,124):
htmls.append(str(i)+'.html')
pdfs.append(file_name+str(i)+'.pdf')
save_pdf(str(i)+'.html', file_name+str(i)+'.pdf')
print u"转换完成第"+str(i)+'个html'
merger = PdfFileMerger()
for pdf in pdfs:
merger.append(open(pdf,'rb'))
print u"合并完成第"+str(i)+'个pdf'+pdf
output = open(u"廖雪峰Python_all.pdf", "wb")
merger.write(output)
print u" 输出PDF成功！"
for html in htmls:
os.remove(html)
print u"删除临时文件"+html
for pdf in pdfs:
os.remove(pdf)
print u"删除临时文件"+pdf
total_time = time.time() - start
print(u"总共耗时：%f 秒" % total_time)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main() 相关推荐：
Python实现抓取页面上链接的简单爬虫分享
Python实现抓取百度搜索结果页的网站标题信息
以上就是Python实现抓取HTML网页并以PDF文件形式保存的方法的详细内容，更多请关注Gxl网其它相关文章！
查看更多关于Python实现抓取HTML网页并以PDF文件形式保存的方法的详细内容...
声明：本文来自网络，不代表【好得很程序员自学网】立场，转载请注明出处：http://haodehen.cn/did83928