使用poi生成excel通常包含一下几个步骤
创建一个工作簿 创建一个sheet 创建一个Row对象 创建一个cell对象(1个row+1个cell构成一个单元格) 设置单元格内容 设置单元格样式. 字体 字体大小 是否加粗 保存 关闭流对象生成一个工作簿
2010以上格式使用XSSFWorkBook对象, 2003格式使用HSSFWorkBook对象, 其他对象操作基本一样.
生成2003格式
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public void test1() { HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
Font font = workbook.createFont(); font.setFontName( "宋体" ); font.setFontHeightInPoints(( short ) 12 ); cellStyle.setFont(font);
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet( "Sheet1" ); //设置单元格宽度 sheet.setColumnWidth( 0 , 30 * 256 ); sheet.setColumnWidth( 1 , 30 * 256 ); sheet.setColumnWidth( 2 , 30 * 256 );
Row row0 = sheet.createRow( 0 ); Cell cell0 = row0.createCell( 0 ); cell0.setCellValue( "序号" ); cell0.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
Cell cell1 = row0.createCell( 1 ); cell1.setCellValue( "姓名" );
Cell cell2 = row0.createCell( 2 ); cell2.setCellValue( "成绩" );
OutputStream os = null ; try { os = new FileOutputStream( "d:\\测试生成2003.xls" ); workbook.write(os); os.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } |
生成2010以上格式
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@Test public void test2() { XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
Font font = workbook.createFont(); font.setFontName( "宋体" ); font.setFontHeightInPoints(( short ) 12 ); cellStyle.setFont(font);
XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet( "Sheet1" ); Row row0 = sheet.createRow( 0 ); Cell cell0 = row0.createCell( 0 ); cell0.setCellValue( "序号" ); cell0.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
Cell cell1 = row0.createCell( 1 ); cell1.setCellValue( "姓名" );
Cell cell2 = row0.createCell( 2 ); cell2.setCellValue( "成绩" );
OutputStream os = null ; try { os = new FileOutputStream( "d:\\测试生成2010.xlsx" ); workbook.write(os); os.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } |
合并单元格
合并单元格在生成excel中算常见的一个场景, 通常先合并单元, 单元格内容居中,并设置单元格边框.
poi合并单元格使用CellRangeAddress类, 构造函数包括4个参数firstRow, lastRow, firstCol, lastCol根据自己需要传入行和列.
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public CellRangeAddress( int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol) { } |
合并单元格后设置边框poi已提供了RegionUtil静态类, 可直接使用.
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CellRangeAddress region = new CellRangeAddress( 0 , 0 , 0 , 2 ); sheet.addMergedRegion(region);
RegionUtil.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet); RegionUtil.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet); RegionUtil.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet); RegionUtil.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet); |
设置单元格样式
左右居中 上下居中 自动换行
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cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER); cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER); cellStyle.setWrapText( true ); |
使用SpringMVC/SpringBoot导出excel
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@Controller @GetMapping ( "/excel2003" ) public void excel2003(HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse){ try { //2010格式设置 //response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"); //2003格式设置 response.setContentType( "application/vnd.ms-excel" ); httpServletResponse.addHeader( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;fileName=" + URLEncoder.encode( "学生成绩单.xls" , "utf-8" ));
ServletOutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN); cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
Font font = workbook.createFont(); font.setFontName( "宋体" ); font.setFontHeightInPoints(( short ) 12 ); cellStyle.setFont(font);
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet( "Sheet1" ); Row row0 = sheet.createRow( 0 ); Cell cell0 = row0.createCell( 0 ); cell0.setCellValue( "序号" ); cell0.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
Cell cell1 = row0.createCell( 1 ); cell1.setCellValue( "姓名" );
Cell cell2 = row0.createCell( 2 ); cell2.setCellValue( "成绩" );
workbook.write(outputStream); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } |
总结
如果你在web项目中导出excel后,打开excel文件时提示文件已损坏,但是文件还可以打开, 则需要在HttpServletResponse上设置响应头, 2003和2010设置方式不同
2003
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
2010
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
下载文件名如果包含中文的话需要编码
httpServletResponse.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + URLEncoder.encode("学生成绩单.xls", "utf-8"));
这种设置在浏览器里下载文件中文是没问题的, 只是如果你使用Swagger或者Postman测试的话,文件名还是经过编码的, 这个没问题说明文件下载已经没问题.
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原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/sword-successful/p/16152450.html
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