JavaWeb实战之开发网上购物系统(超详细)

一、项目描述

基于B/S三层架构设计的购物系统，可以更好地符合"高内聚，低耦合"的设计思想。表现层（UI）通过JSP在浏览器上实现界面展示，通过Servlet接受用户请求并生成验证码等实时信息；数据访问层（DAL）通过JDBC对DBMS进行访问；二者之间的业务逻辑层（BLL）通过Service进行连接。同时面向接口编程提高规范化。这只是我自己用两三天的时间做的小项目，距离真正的购物系统差距还是很大的，仅供初学者参考，很多逻辑缺陷不必太纠结，以后有时间会再写一篇博客对这个项目进行相关测试。

如果只需要代码可直接通过书签栏跳转至相关文件。

二、项目演示

这是购物系统首页，是仿照华为商城设计的，当然也可以说是仿照小米商城，这二者的页面设计并无本质区别，具体实现借助于Bootstrap，商品信息通过后台数据库读取，商品表见下

点击任意商品进入详情界面

如果此时点击加入购物车会调用Servlet中的doPost方法，进而通过登陆信息是否读取成功判断登陆状态，如果未登录则转至登录界面并提示相关信息，背景渐变色借助于webgradients选取，同时实现正则验证与验证码相关功能

我们先注册再登录，这里注册洛的相关信息

注册成功

之后我们登录并将心仪的商品加入购物车，查看购物车，这里会一致显示当前登录用户信息

提交订单后查看订单，这里借助jQuery做了一个下拉框，可以查看后台数据库关于此订单的全部信息，这里提交订单相当于付款，所以未设退货功能，因此数据删除只能借助于后台数据库。

最后点击注销返回主页

三、部分代码

JdbcUtils.java

用于加载驱动并获得与数据库的连接的工具类

package common ;   import java . sql . Connection ; import java . sql . DriverManager ; import java . sql . PreparedStatement ; import java . sql . ResultSet ; import java . sql . SQLException ;   public class JdbcUtil { static Connection connection ; public static Connection getCon () { //加载驱动 try { Class . forName ( "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" ); } catch ( ClassNotFoundException e ) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e . printStackTrace (); } String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shoppingsystem?characterEncoding=utf-8" ; String username = "root" ; String password = "123" ;   //获得连接 try { connection = DriverManager . getConnection ( url , username , password ); } catch ( SQLException e ) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e . printStackTrace (); }   return connection ; } public static void closeAll ( Connection connection , PreparedStatement preparedStatement , ResultSet resultSet ) { if ( resultSet != null ) { try { resultSet . close (); } catch ( SQLException e ) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e . printStackTrace (); } } if ( preparedStatement != null ) { try { preparedStatement . close (); } catch ( SQLException e ) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e . printStackTrace (); } } if ( connection != null ) { try { connection . close (); } catch ( SQLException e ) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e . printStackTrace (); } } } } 、

People.java

与数据库中用户表相匹配的用户类

package entity ;   public class People { private String id ; private String password ; private String name ; private String email ; private String address ;   public People () { super (); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub }   public People ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address ) { super (); this . id = id ; this . password = password ; this . name = name ; this . email = email ; this . address = address ; }   public String getId () { return id ; }   public void setId ( String id ) { this . id = id ; }   public String getPassword () { return password ; }   public void setPassword ( String password ) { this . password = password ; }   public String getName () { return name ; }   public void setName ( String name ) { this . name = name ; }   public String getEmail () { return email ; }   public void setEmail ( String email ) { this . email = email ; }   public String getAddress () { return address ; }   public void setAddress ( String address ) { this . address = address ; }   @Override public String toString () { return "People [id=" + id + ", password=" + password + ", name=" + name + ", email=" + email + ", address=" + address + "]" ; }   }

InterfacePeopleDao.java

对用户信息进行相关操作的接口

package dao ;   import java . util . List ;   import entity . People ;   public interface InterfacePeopleDao { public abstract int insertPeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address );   public abstract int deletePeople ( String id );   public abstract int updatePeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address );   public abstract People checkPeople ( String id , String password );   public abstract List < People > findAllPeople (); }

PeopleDao.java

对上述接口的实现

package dao ;   import java . sql . Connection ; import java . sql . PreparedStatement ; import java . sql . ResultSet ; import java . sql . SQLException ; import java . util . List ;   import common . JdbcUtil ; import entity . People ;   public class PeopleDao implements InterfacePeopleDao { private Connection connection ; private PreparedStatement preparedStatement ; private ResultSet resultSet ;   @Override public int insertPeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address ) { String sql = "mistake" ; if ( id != "" && password != "" && name != "" && email != "" && address != "" ) { sql = "insert into people (id, password, name, email, address)" + "values('" + id + "','" + password + "','" + name + "','" + email + "','" + address + "');" ; } System . out . println ( "insertPeople()的sql语句:" + sql );   int result = 0 ; connection = JdbcUtil . getCon (); try { preparedStatement = connection . prepareStatement ( sql ); } catch ( SQLException e ) { e . printStackTrace (); } try { result = preparedStatement . executeUpdate (); } catch ( SQLException e ) { e . printStackTrace (); } JdbcUtil . closeAll ( connection , preparedStatement , resultSet ); return result ; }   @Override public int deletePeople ( String id ) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0 ; }   @Override public int updatePeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address ) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0 ; }   @Override public People checkPeople ( String id , String password ) { String sql = null ; if ( id != null && password != null ) { sql = "select * from people where id = '" + id + "' and password = '" + password + "'" ; } System . out . println ( "checkPeople()的sql语句:" + sql );   People people = null ; connection = JdbcUtil . getCon (); try { preparedStatement = connection . prepareStatement ( sql ); resultSet = preparedStatement . executeQuery (); if ( resultSet . next ()) { people = new People (); people . setId ( resultSet . getString ( 1 )); people . setPassword ( resultSet . getString ( 2 )); people . setName ( resultSet . getString ( 3 )); people . setEmail ( resultSet . getString ( 4 )); people . setAddress ( resultSet . getString ( 5 )); } } catch ( SQLException e ) { e . printStackTrace (); } finally { JdbcUtil . closeAll ( connection , preparedStatement , resultSet ); } return people ; }   @Override public List < People > findAllPeople () { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null ; }   }

InterfacPeopleService.java

在业务逻辑层中将表现层与数据访问层进行连接，由于项目本身并不复杂，所以只是简单实现了方法传递

package service ;   import java . util . List ;   import entity . People ;   public interface InterfacePeopleService { public abstract int insertPeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address );   public abstract int deletePeople ( String id );   public abstract int updatePeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address );   public abstract People checkPeople ( String id , String password );   public abstract List < People > findAllPeople (); }

PeopleService.java

对上述接口的实现

package service ;   import java . util . List ;   import dao . InterfacePeopleDao ; import dao . PeopleDao ; import entity . People ;   public class PeopleService implements InterfacePeopleService { private InterfacePeopleDao peopleDao ;   public PeopleService () { peopleDao = new PeopleDao (); }   @Override public int insertPeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address ) { return peopleDao . insertPeople ( id , password , name , email , address ); }   @Override public int deletePeople ( String id ) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0 ; }   @Override public int updatePeople ( String id , String password , String name , String email , String address ) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0 ; }   @Override public People checkPeople ( String id , String password ) { return peopleDao . checkPeople ( id , password ); }   @Override public List < People > findAllPeople () { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null ; }   }

CheckCode.java

在内存中生成验证码图片并输出到客户端

package servlet ;   import java . awt . Color ; import java . awt . Font ; import java . awt . Graphics ; import java . awt . image . BufferedImage ; import java . io . ByteArrayOutputStream ; import java . io . IOException ;   import javax . imageio . ImageIO ; import javax . servlet . ServletException ; import javax . servlet . ServletOutputStream ; import javax . servlet . annotation . WebServlet ; import javax . servlet . http . HttpServlet ; import javax . servlet . http . HttpServletRequest ; import javax . servlet . http . HttpServletResponse ; import javax . servlet . http . HttpSession ;   @WebServlet ( "/CheckCode" ) public class CheckCode extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L ; private static int width = 70 ; private static int height = 25 ;   public CheckCode () { super (); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub }   protected void doGet ( HttpServletRequest request , HttpServletResponse response ) throws ServletException , IOException { /** * request是客户端浏览器发出的请求被封装形成的一个HttpServletRequest公共接口类对象 * session对象存储特定用户会话所需的属性及配置信息, 这样当用户在应用程序的Web页之间跳转时, 存储在session对象中的变量将不会丢失, 而是在整个用户会话中一直存在下去 * getSession()与getSession(true)一样, 获取request对象关联的session对象, 如果没有session, 则返回一个新的session */ HttpSession session = request . getSession (); response . setContentType ( "image/jpeg" ); // 设置生成的文档类型为jpg ServletOutputStream servletOutputStream = response . getOutputStream ();   /*设置浏览器不要缓存此图片*/ response . setHeader ( "Pragma" , "No-cache" ); response . setHeader ( "Cache-Control" , "no-cache" ); response . setDateHeader ( "Expires" , 0 );   /** * 创建内存图片并获得其图形上下文 * Image是一个抽象类, BufferedImage是其实现类, 是一个带缓冲区图像类, 主要作用是将一幅图片加载到内存中 * BufferedImage生成的图片在内存里有一个图像缓冲区, 利用这个缓冲区我们可以很方便地操作这个图片 */ BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage ( width , height , BufferedImage . TYPE_INT_RGB ); Graphics graphics = image . getGraphics ();   char [] rands = generCode (); // 产生随机的验证码 drawRands ( graphics , rands ); // 产生图像 graphics . dispose (); // 结束图像的绘制过程，完成图像   /*将图像输出到客户端*/ ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream (); ImageIO . write ( image , "jpeg" , byteArrayOutputStream ); byte [] buf = byteArrayOutputStream . toByteArray (); response . setContentLength ( buf . length ); servletOutputStream . write ( buf ); byteArrayOutputStream . close (); servletOutputStream . close ();   session . setAttribute ( "checkcode" , new String ( rands )); // 将当前的验证码写入到session中   }   private char [] generCode () { //定义验证码的字符表 String chars = "0123456789" ; char [] rands = new char [ 5 ]; for ( int i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i ++) { int rand =( int )( Math . random ()* 10 ); rands [ i ]= chars . charAt ( rand ); } return rands ; }   private void drawRands ( Graphics g , char [] rands ) { g . setColor ( Color . WHITE ); g . setFont ( new Font ( null , Font . ITALIC | Font . BOLD , 18 ));   /*在不同高度上输出验证码的每个字符*/ g . drawString ( "" + rands [ 0 ], 0 , 18 ); g . drawString ( "" + rands [ 1 ], 14 , 18 ); g . drawString ( "" + rands [ 2 ], 28 , 18 ); g . drawString ( "" + rands [ 3 ], 42 , 18 ); g . drawString ( "" + rands [ 4 ], 56 , 18 ); System . out . print ( "当前验证码:" ); System . out . println ( rands ); }   protected void doPost ( HttpServletRequest request , HttpServletResponse response ) throws ServletException , IOException { doGet ( request , response ); }   }

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43686863/article/details/115861940

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