整合SSM
环境要求
环境：
IDEA MySQL5.7.19 Tomcat9 Maven3.6要求：
需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识，简单的前端知识；
数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
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CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` ( `bookID` INT (10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id' , `bookName` VARCHAR (100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名' , `bookCounts` INT (11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量' , `detail` VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述' , KEY `bookID` (`bookID`) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`) VALUES (1, 'Java' ,1, '从入门到放弃' ), (2, 'MySQL' ,10, '从删库到跑路' ), (3, 'Linux' ,5, '从进门到进牢' ); |
基本环境搭建
1、新建一Maven项目！ssmbuild ， 添加web的支持
2、导入相关的pom依赖！
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< dependencies > <!--Junit--> < dependency > < groupId >junit</ groupId > < artifactId >junit</ artifactId > < version >4.12</ version > </ dependency > <!--数据库驱动--> < dependency > < groupId >mysql</ groupId > < artifactId >mysql-connector-java</ artifactId > < version >5.1.47</ version > </ dependency > <!-- 数据库连接池 --> < dependency > < groupId >com.mchange</ groupId > < artifactId >c3p0</ artifactId > < version >0.9.5.2</ version > </ dependency >
<!--Servlet - JSP --> < dependency > < groupId >javax.servlet</ groupId > < artifactId >servlet-api</ artifactId > < version >2.5</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >javax.servlet.jsp</ groupId > < artifactId >jsp-api</ artifactId > < version >2.2</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >javax.servlet</ groupId > < artifactId >jstl</ artifactId > < version >1.2</ version > </ dependency >
<!--Mybatis--> < dependency > < groupId >org.mybatis</ groupId > < artifactId >mybatis</ artifactId > < version >3.5.2</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.mybatis</ groupId > < artifactId >mybatis-spring</ artifactId > < version >2.0.2</ version > </ dependency >
<!--Spring--> < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-webmvc</ artifactId > < version >5.1.9.RELEASE</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-jdbc</ artifactId > < version >5.1.9.RELEASE</ version > </ dependency > </ dependencies > |
3、Maven资源过滤设置
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< build > < resources > < resource > < directory >src/main/java</ directory > < includes > < include >**/*.properties</ include > < include >**/*.xml</ include > </ includes > < filtering >false</ filtering > </ resource > < resource > < directory >src/main/resources</ directory > < includes > < include >**/*.properties</ include > < include >**/*.xml</ include > </ includes > < filtering >false</ filtering > </ resource > </ resources > </ build > |
4、建立基本结构和配置框架！
com.kuang.pojo com.kuang.dao com.kuang.service com.kuang.controller mybatis-config.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> < configuration >
</ configuration > |
applicationContext.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</ beans > |
Mybatis层编写
1、数据库配置文件 database.properties
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jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456 |
2、IDEA关联数据库
3、编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> < configuration >
< typeAliases > < package name = "com.kuang.pojo" /> </ typeAliases > < mappers > < mapper resource = "com/kuang/dao/BookMapper.xml" /> </ mappers >
</ configuration > |
4、编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books 使用lombok插件！
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package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Books {
private int bookID; private String bookName; private int bookCounts; private String detail;
} |
5、编写Dao层的 Mapper接口！
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package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一个Book int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById( int id);
//更新Book int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById( int id);
//查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook();
} |
6、编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包；
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
< mapper namespace = "com.kuang.dao.BookMapper" >
<!--增加一个Book--> < insert id = "addBook" parameterType = "Books" > insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail}) </ insert >
<!--根据id删除一个Book--> < delete id = "deleteBookById" parameterType = "int" > delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID} </ delete >
<!--更新Book--> < update id = "updateBook" parameterType = "Books" > update ssmbuild.books set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail} where bookID = #{bookID} </ update >
<!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--> < select id = "queryBookById" resultType = "Books" > select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID} </ select >
<!--查询全部Book--> < select id = "queryAllBook" resultType = "Books" > SELECT * from ssmbuild.books </ select >
</ mapper > |
7、编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口：
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package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
//BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层 public interface BookService { //增加一个Book int addBook(Books book); //根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById( int id); //更新Book int updateBook(Books books); //根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById( int id); //查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook(); } |
实现类：
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package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper; import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理 private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) { this .bookMapper = bookMapper; }
public int addBook(Books book) { return bookMapper.addBook(book); }
public int deleteBookById( int id) { return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id); }
public int updateBook(Books books) { return bookMapper.updateBook(books); }
public Books queryBookById( int id) { return bookMapper.queryBookById(id); }
public List<Books> queryAllBook() { return bookMapper.queryAllBook(); } } |
OK，到此，底层需求操作编写完毕！
Spring层
1、配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；
2、我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件；spring-dao.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置整合mybatis --> <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 --> < context:property-placeholder location = "classpath:database.properties" />
<!-- 2.数据库连接池 --> <!--数据库连接池 dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接 c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面） --> < bean id = "dataSource" class = "com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" > <!-- 配置连接池属性 --> < property name = "driverClass" value = "${jdbc.driver}" /> < property name = "jdbcUrl" value = "${jdbc.url}" /> < property name = "user" value = "${jdbc.username}" /> < property name = "password" value = "${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --> < property name = "maxPoolSize" value = "30" /> < property name = "minPoolSize" value = "10" /> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> < property name = "autoCommitOnClose" value = "false" /> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> < property name = "checkoutTimeout" value = "10000" /> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> < property name = "acquireRetryAttempts" value = "2" /> </ bean >
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --> < bean id = "sqlSessionFactory" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" > <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" /> <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --> < property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:mybatis-config.xml" /> </ bean >
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 --> <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html--> < bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --> < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory" /> <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --> < property name = "basePackage" value = "com.kuang.dao" /> </ bean >
</ beans > |
3、Spring整合service层
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service相关的bean --> < context:component-scan base-package = "com.kuang.service" />
<!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中--> < bean id = "BookServiceImpl" class = "com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl" > < property name = "bookMapper" ref = "bookMapper" /> </ bean >
<!-- 配置事务管理器 --> < bean id = "transactionManager" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" > <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" /> </ bean >
</ beans > |
Spring层搞定！再次理解一下，Spring就是一个大杂烩，一个容器！对吧！
SpringMVC层
1、web.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < web-app xmlns = "http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version = "4.0" >
<!--DispatcherServlet--> < servlet > < servlet-name >DispatcherServlet</ servlet-name > < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class > < init-param > < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！--> < param-value >classpath:applicationContext.xml</ param-value > </ init-param > < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup > </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >DispatcherServlet</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping >
<!--encodingFilter--> < filter > < filter-name >encodingFilter</ filter-name > < filter-class > org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </ filter-class > < init-param > < param-name >encoding</ param-name > < param-value >utf-8</ param-value > </ init-param > </ filter > < filter-mapping > < filter-name >encodingFilter</ filter-name > < url-pattern >/*</ url-pattern > </ filter-mapping >
<!--Session过期时间--> < session-config > < session-timeout >15</ session-timeout > </ session-config >
</ web-app > |
2、spring-mvc.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 --> < mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置--> < mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 --> < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > < property name = "viewClass" value = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" /> </ bean >
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --> < context:component-scan base-package = "com.kuang.controller" />
</ beans > |
3、Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
< import resource = "spring-dao.xml" /> < import resource = "spring-service.xml" /> < import resource = "spring-mvc.xml" />
</ beans > |
配置文件，暂时结束！Controller 和 视图层编写
1、BookController 类编写 ， 方法一：查询全部书籍
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@Controller @RequestMapping ( "/book" ) public class BookController {
@Autowired @Qualifier ( "BookServiceImpl" ) private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping ( "/allBook" ) public String list(Model model) { List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook(); model.addAttribute( "list" , list); return "allBook" ; } } |
2、编写首页 index.jsp
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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML> < html > < head > < title >首页</ title > < style type = "text/css" > a { text-decoration: none; color: black; font-size: 18px; } h3 { width: 180px; height: 38px; margin: 100px auto; text-align: center; line-height: 38px; background: deepskyblue; border-radius: 4px; } </ style > </ head > < body >
< h3 > < a href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook" rel = "external nofollow" >点击进入列表页</ a > </ h3 > </ body > </ html > |
3、书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
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<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> < html > < head > < title >书籍列表</ title > < meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" > <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> < link href = "https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "stylesheet" > </ head > < body >
< div class = "container" >
< div class = "row clearfix" > < div class = "col-md-12 column" > < div class = "page-header" > < h1 > < small >书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</ small > </ h1 > </ div > </ div > </ div >
< div class = "row" > < div class = "col-md-4 column" > < a class = "btn btn-primary" href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook" rel = "external nofollow" >新增</ a > </ div > </ div >
< div class = "row clearfix" > < div class = "col-md-12 column" > < table class = "table table-hover table-striped" > < thead > < tr > < th >书籍编号</ th > < th >书籍名字</ th > < th >书籍数量</ th > < th >书籍详情</ th > < th >操作</ th > </ tr > </ thead >
< tbody > < c:forEach var = "book" items = "${requestScope.get('list')}" > < tr > < td >${book.getBookID()}</ td > < td >${book.getBookName()}</ td > < td >${book.getBookCounts()}</ td > < td >${book.getDetail()}</ td > < td > < a href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}" rel = "external nofollow" >更改</ a > | < a href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}" rel = "external nofollow" >删除</ a > </ td > </ tr > </ c:forEach > </ tbody > </ table > </ div > </ div > </ div > |
4、BookController 类编写 ， 方法二：添加书籍
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@RequestMapping ( "/toAddBook" ) public String toAddPaper() { return "addBook" ; }
@RequestMapping ( "/addBook" ) public String addPaper(Books books) { System.out.println(books); bookService.addBook(books); return "redirect:/book/allBook" ; } |
5、添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp
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<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
< html > < head > < title >新增书籍</ title > < meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" > <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> < link href = "https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "stylesheet" > </ head > < body > < div class = "container" >
< div class = "row clearfix" > < div class = "col-md-12 column" > < div class = "page-header" > < h1 > < small >新增书籍</ small > </ h1 > </ div > </ div > </ div > < form action = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method = "post" > 书籍名称：< input type = "text" name = "bookName" >< br >< br >< br > 书籍数量：< input type = "text" name = "bookCounts" >< br >< br >< br > 书籍详情：< input type = "text" name = "detail" >< br >< br >< br > < input type = "submit" value = "添加" > </ form >
</ div > |
6、BookController 类编写 ， 方法三：修改书籍
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@RequestMapping ( "/toUpdateBook" ) public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) { Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id); System.out.println(books); model.addAttribute( "book" ,books ); return "updateBook" ; }
@RequestMapping ( "/updateBook" ) public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) { System.out.println(book); bookService.updateBook(book); Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID()); model.addAttribute( "books" , books); return "redirect:/book/allBook" ; } |
7、修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
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<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> < html > < head > < title >修改信息</ title > < meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" > <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> < link href = "https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "stylesheet" > </ head > < body > < div class = "container" >
< div class = "row clearfix" > < div class = "col-md-12 column" > < div class = "page-header" > < h1 > < small >修改信息</ small > </ h1 > </ div > </ div > </ div >
< form action = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method = "post" > < input type = "hidden" name = "bookID" value = "${book.getBookID()}" /> 书籍名称：< input type = "text" name = "bookName" value = "${book.getBookName()}" /> 书籍数量：< input type = "text" name = "bookCounts" value = "${book.getBookCounts()}" /> 书籍详情：< input type = "text" name = "detail" value = "${book.getDetail() }" /> < input type = "submit" value = "提交" /> </ form >
</ div > |
8、BookController 类编写 ， 方法四：删除书籍
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@RequestMapping ( "/del/{bookId}" ) public String deleteBook( @PathVariable ( "bookId" ) int id) { bookService.deleteBookById(id); return "redirect:/book/allBook" ; } |
配置Tomcat，进行运行！
到目前为止，这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了，可以直接运行进行测试！这个练习十分的重要，大家需要保证，不看任何东西，自己也可以完整的实现出来！
项目结构图
小结及展望
这个是SSM整合案例，一定要烂熟于心！
SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的，学到这里，大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这只是增删改查的基本操作。可以说学到这里，大家才算是真正的步入了后台开发的门。也就是能找一个后台相关工作的底线。
或许很多人，工作就做这些事情，但是对于个人的提高来说，还远远不够！
我们后面还要学习一些 SpringMVC 的知识！
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